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Novelistas Imprescindibles - José María Vargas Vila

Autor: José María Vargas Vila , August Nemo

Número de Páginas: 85

Bienvenidos a la serie de libros Novelistas Imprescindibles, donde les presentamos las mejores obras de autores notables.Para este libro, el crítico literario August Nemo ha elegido las dos novelas más importantes y significativas de José María Vargas Vila que son Aura o Las violetas y María Magdalena.José María Vargas Vila fue un escritor colombiano. Con una formación autodidacta,2 participó en luchas políticas como periodista, agitador público y orador. Vargas Vila se caracterizó por sus ideas liberales radicales y una consecuente crítica al clero, las ideas conservadoras y el imperialismo estadounidense. Muchas de sus ideas son próximas al existencialismo y se fueron afirmando como libertarias, afines al anarquismo a tal punto que él mismo se declarara anarquista.Novelas seleccionadas para este libro:Aura o Las violetas.María Magdalena.Este es uno de los muchos libros de la serie Novelistas Imprescindibles. Si te ha gustado este libro, busca los otros títulos de la serie, estamos seguros de que te gustarán algunos de los autores.

Cachorro de león

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 256

«Cachorro de león (novela de almas rústicas)» (1920) es una novela de José María Vargas Vila. Se trata de un drama histórico que narra la rivalidad de dos familias, los Rujeles y los Pedralbes, que se disputan el poder político en la región andina de Colombia, a finales del siglo XIX. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Lirio negro. Germania

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 256

«Lirio negro» es la tercera parte de la trilogía de novelas El Alma de los Lirios de José María Vargas Vila. Flavio Durán y su hijo Manlio se enamoran de Germania al mismo tiempo y se enfrentan por conseguir el amor de la joven, pero Aureliana acaba revelando que Flavio y Germania son padre e hija. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Laureles rojos

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 240

«Laureles rojo» (1909) es un ensayo político de José María Vargas Vila, donde el autor defiende sus ideas anticlericales y antiimperialistas y analiza la política de su tiempo. Entre otras convicciones, Vargas Vila se muestra a favor de una unión de países contra Alemania. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Ibis

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 250

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

de Sus Lises Y de Sus Rosas.

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 336

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Copos de espuma

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 163

Flor Del Fango

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 260

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

El huerto del silencio

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 256

«El huerto del silencio» (1935) se trata de una tragedia lírica escrita por José María Vargas Vila. El joven Octavio Heredia, aquejado de mal de amores, se hace seminarista por recomendación de don Hilario, un sacerdote amigo de la familia. Más tarde se enamora de Clara y la relación de los jóvenes desatará la tragedia. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Odisea romántica: diario de viaje a la República Argentina

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 260

«Odisea romántica» (1927) recoge la crónica de viaje que José María Vargas Vila redactó en 1924 durante su gira por Latinoamérica, durante la cual pronunció una serie de conferencias en diferentes países del continente, que luego agruparía bajo el título «Polen lírico». José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

La Muerte del Cóndor

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 136

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Sobre las Viñas Muertas (Classic Reprint)

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 240

Excerpt from Sobre las Viñas Muertas Y, como un parásito voraz, se ha refugia do en mi lecho, y, me ha robado el sueño, hasta mostrar a mis ojos fatigados tras el horror de las noches sin Piedad, la desnudez de las auroras sin Misericordia. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

El Minotauro: Novela

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 250

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

El Maestro: Novela Inédita

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 32

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

María Magdalena: Novela lírica

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 280

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

El alma de la raza

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 34

Del rosal pensante

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 308

«Del rosal pensante» (1914) es una recopilación de textos breves de José María Vargas Vila formulados como máximas, aforismos, proverbios y reflexiones poéticas que tratan sobre el sentido de la vida, el ateísmo, la nada y la desesperación del ser humano. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

La voz de las horas

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 260

«La voz de las horas» (1910) es una recopilación de textos filosóficos y máximas de José María Vargas Vila, donde el autor expresas sus ideas sobre el arte, la originalidad, la naturaleza del artista o cuestiones filosóficas trascendentales como la muerte o la existencia de un ser todopoderoso. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

La ubre de la loba

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 272

«La ubre de la loba» (1918) forma parte de la trilogía, junto a «El minotauro» y «El final de un sueño», que narra la vida de Froilán Pradilla, un agitador político que ha librado batallas políticas y que ha huido de su país en busca de una vida mejor. Esta última parte narra los últimos días de Froilán. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Horario reflexivo

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 248

«Horario reflexivo» (1917) es una recopilación de reflexiones históricas, literarias, filosóficas y políticas de José María Vargas Vila. Se recogen en forma de artículos («Vida literaria», «Vida bárbara» o «Vida heroica») y textos breves a modo de máximas y aforismos filosóficos (por ejemplo, «De los yacimientos vírgenes del sueño»). José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Las rosas de la tarde

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 214

Las Rosas de la tarde se escribe en 1900, cuando su autor ocupaba un cargo diplomático como representante del gobierno del Ecuador en Italia. Es la segunda de una larga serie de narraciones eróticas que empieza con Ibis (Roma, 1900), Vargas Vila se hace eco de la estética decadentista que comparte y que también explora como estrategia de provocación, por cuanto el sexo y el erotismo despiertan la curiosidad del lector y le garantizan un éxito de ventas sin precedentes. Esta novela de corte d’annunziano nos instala en Roma a la hora crepuscular, ante la vista de la campiña brumosa donde se pierde la mirada del narrador: “las siete colinas desaparecían en la perspectiva, y el sol poniente hacía salir de la sombra, iluminándola, hiriéndola como un rayo, la cúpula de San Pedro”. La trama amorosa se desarrollada en un ambiente de idealidad y sensualismo que empieza con el paisaje, pasa por los jardines de los palacios y se introduce en el interior de los salones de atmósfera decadente. Hugo Vial, el protagonista, es diplomático de un país hispanoamericano, se siente atraído por la condesa Adaljisa de Larti, esta se debate entre el deseo que aflora en su corazón y ...

Aura o las violetas

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Resumen y sinópsis de Aura o las violetas de José María Vargas Vila. Esta trágica historia de amor gira en torno a Aura, quien debe romper un pacto de amor eterno que ha hecho con su enamorado para contraer nupcias con un empresario acaudalado y así salvar el patrimonio familiar.

Ars-verba

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 229

Pretéritas

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 278

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

El Camino del Triunfo: Las Adolescencias

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 246

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

El final de un sueño

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 222

Libre Estética (Classic Reprint)

Autor: Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 246

Excerpt from Libre Estética Y, en el corazón de los hombres suene el mismo grito libertador, que a la muerte de Pan, se escuchó sonar entre los arrecifes de Sicilia; ¡dios ¡ra muerto/. Dios ha. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Sombras de águilas

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 278

«Sombras de águilas» (1929) se trata de una recopilación de ensayos biográficos breves sobre diferentes e importantes intelectuales que desarrollaron la mayor parte de su actividad a lo largo del siglo XIX: los filósofos Thomas Carlyle y Ernesto Hello, el poeta Léon Bloy, los dramaturgos Pompeyo Gener y Henrik Ibsen y el pintor Hermes Anglada. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Lirio rojo. Eleonora

Autor: José María Vargas Vilas

Número de Páginas: 250

«Lirio rojo» es la segunda parte de la trilogía de novelas El Alma de los Lirios de José María Vargas Vila. Flavio Durán se enamora de Eleonora, pero entre ambos se interpone Ettore, quien siente un deseo platónico por su hermana y una atracción homosexual por Flavio. La tensión de sentimientos de los tres personajes origina la tragedia. José María Vargas Vila (1860-1933) fue un escritor y periodista colombiano. Tuvo una formación autodidacta, llegó a ejercer como profesor, ministro plenipotenciario en Roma y diplomático. Fundó varias revistas como «Eco Andino», «Los Refractarios» o «Némesis». Liberal radical, participó en la guerra civil colombiana de 1884 como soldado y dedicó su vida a denunciar los abusos del clero y el imperialismo.

Los Estetas de Teópolis

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 230

Excerpt from Los Estetas de Teópolis: Novela Los personajes de esta novela ensayaron ser frivolosy, vivirla Vida por el lado paradojal, de ella: la Reali dad los despertó de su sueño, y cayeron fatalmente en la Tragedia. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

La Simiente

Autor: José María Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 245

Economía básica

Autor: Alejandro Roberto Rodas Carpizo

Número de Páginas: 193

Huerto Agnóstico: Cuadernos de Un Solitario

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 238

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

La República Romana; Estudios Históricos

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 260

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Prosas-Laudes (Classic Reprint)

Autor: J. M. Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 270

Excerpt from Prosas-Laudes A las ráfagas de los horizontes arroja las cenizas azules de tus sueños, que son los sueños de tu co razón. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Lirio Blanco (Delia) (Classic Reprint)

Autor: Jose Maria Vargas Vila

Número de Páginas: 242

Excerpt from Lirio Blanco (Delia) como no conmoverme cuando hoy, Solitario Absoluto, me despido uno a uno, de esos hijos de mi cerebro, companeros y flores de mi Soledad. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.